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Scholarly Journals |
Trade Journals |
Popular Magazines |
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Purpose |
To present and report on original research findings in a specific field / discipline |
To identify profession / industry trends and developments, and provide practical advice
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To inform and entertain a general audience, produced and sold for profit |
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Appearance |
Plain, “serious” cover Text with black & white graphs, charts, and photographs which support the author’s research
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Generally glossy cover Color photographs and illustrations used to support the article as well as draw in readers |
Glossy cover Color photographs and illustrations used to support the article as well as draw in readers |
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Authorship |
Expert, scholar, or researcher in the field / discipline
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Practitioner within the profession / industry or specialty journalist |
Magazine writer or free-lance writer. Credentials often not provided |
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Structure & Writing Style |
Lengthy articles with abstract, literature review, methodology, results conclusion, and bibliography Uses technical terminology of the specific field / discipline
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Brief articles with no set structure Uses jargon of the specific profession / industry |
Usually brief articles but can be longer and sometimes structured Uses simple language, meeting a minimum education level |
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Validity |
Articles reviewed and evaluated by other experts in the field / discipline (peer-reviewed / refereed)
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Articles may be reviewed by one editor with knowledge related to the topic |
Articles are not evaluated by experts in the discipline, but by editors on staff |
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Bibliography |
Each article includes full footnotes and/or bibliographies
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Some articles include brief footnotes and/or bibliographies |
Very few articles include bibliographies |
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Examples |
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